Around 21% of the Earth's atmosphere is made up of the colourless, flavourless, and odourless oxygen gas. It readily forms compounds with the majority of other elements, including the majority of the Earth's crust, due to its high reactivity.

• The manufacturing of steel and metals: Oxygen gas is frequently employed as a reactant to oxidise impurities including carbon, sulphur, and phosphorus. The Basic Oxygen Steelmaking (BOS) process uses this method to create high-quality steel with few impurities.
• Chemical Manufacturing: The manufacture of ethylene oxide, which is used to make compounds like antifreeze, polyester, and other substances, is one process where oxygen gas is used. Propylene oxide, which is used to create polyurethane foams and other materials, is also created using oxygen gas.
• Waste Water Treatment: To give oxygen to the microorganisms that break down organic matter, oxygen gas is employed in the wastewater treatment process. The activated sludge process is a method for cleaning wastewater before it is discharged into the environment.
• Medical Applications: Patients with respiratory issues, such as those with lung disease or heart failure, can benefit from the usage of oxygen gas in medical applications. In order to promote healing and lessen inflammation, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, a treatment that involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurised chamber, also uses it.
• Aerospace: In the aerospace sector, oxygen gas is used as a breathing gas for astronauts as well as to promote combustion in rocket engines.

Oxygen is essential for life since it is found in all biological molecules, including water, proteins, and carbohydrates. In order for all living creatures to breathe, it is essential for the production of energy.Many different industries, including welding, aircraft, and medical, employ oxygen gas in its pure form. It is applied in medical settings to treat patients with respiratory issues and to speed up recovery following surgery. In welding, oxygen gas is utilised to cut metal and fuel the welding flame. It is utilised in the aerospace industry as an astronaut breathing gas and to promote combustion in rocket engines.

Oxygen gas can be produced via a variety of procedures, including electrolysis, fractional air distillation, and hydrocarbon burning. In cryogenic tanks, it is stored and transported as a liquid or compressed gas cylinders.Despite being essential for life, oxygen gas can be dangerous if not properly controlled. Human health can be compromised by high oxygen levels, which also raise the danger of fire and explosion in confined areas. Therefore, it is imperative to adhere to strict safety protocols when handling oxygen gas.

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